⌖ The scale of the investigation

From 8.1 million stake events down to 420 coordinated clusters.

Finding coordination at this scale meant comparing millions of wallet-pairs across multiple time resolutions, then filtering aggressively for what survives statistical scrutiny. Each step narrows the field.
8,147,892stake events parsed (~10 months)
74,067distinct wallets
26,278repeat actors worth analyzing
3,646,974candidate wallet-pairs generated
97,210pairs surviving NPMI normalization
5,324high-confidence coordination links
420coordinated clusters resolved
1,928core wallets
3,176orbit wallets
NPMIthe normalization that cut the noise
The NPMI step is the credibility anchor: raw co-occurrence just surfaces the busiest bots. Normalizing for each wallet's activity isolates pairs that move together more than chance predicts. What remains is the signal.  FlowSniper Research · default delegate tao.bot.